What four common types of test strategies/approaches did the test manager implement in the test plan?

The correct answer highlights four recognized test strategies or approaches that are commonly implemented in a testing environment: analytical, model-based, consultative, and reactive.

Analytical testing involves breaking down requirements and specifications to design effective test cases. This method relies on a thorough understanding of the application and targets testing based on the analysis of potential risks and defects.

Model-based testing utilizes models to represent the desired behavior of the system under test. This strategy helps in generating test cases based on the abstract representation of system behavior, improving coverage, and simplifying the process of developing test cases.

Consultative testing emphasizes collaboration between stakeholders, where testers work closely with developers, business analysts, and even end-users to understand requirements, clarify doubts, and gather additional information that might impact testing. This approach enhances the relevance and effectiveness of the tests conducted.

Reactive testing is an adaptive approach that evolves during the test cycle. Testers respond to the information they gather from the test execution, such as bug reports and user feedback, to adjust testing strategies as needed, ensuring relevance and efficiency in test efforts.

These approaches are essential to developing a comprehensive testing strategy that balances thoroughness, adaptability, and stakeholder involvement.