If test cases are derived from looking at the code, what type of test design technique is being used?

When test cases are derived from examining the code, the technique being used is known as white-box testing. This approach focuses on the internal structure of the software, allowing testers to create test cases based on the logic and implementation details of the code. Testers have access to the source code and can verify various paths, branches, and conditions present in the code. This means they are not just testing what the system does (its outputs) but also how it achieves those results, which can lead to more thorough testing of all possible execution paths.

The emphasis on internal workings is a hallmark of white-box techniques, which enhance the understanding of the software's structure and functionality. In contrast, other methodologies like black-box testing focus solely on the inputs and outputs without knowledge of the code, which is not the case here.